How to Take Care of a Dog: A Vet-Approved Guide for Dog Parents

Whether you're a new dog parent or a seasoned one, you may have asked yourself: “How do I take care of a dog?” or “How can I make my dog healthy?” These are excellent questions — and they’re the perfect starting point for providing comprehensive care for your furry best friend.

To support you on your journey, here’s a vet-approved guide that covers the essential things every dog parent should know: grooming tips, nutritional recommendations, exercise ideas, and more.

Note: This guide is focused on adult dogs (ages 1–2 years and up). For puppy care, read: How to Take Care of a New Puppy: The First Year. For senior pet care, visit: How to Care for Older Dogs & Cats: Must-Know Tips.

Grooming & Routine Dog Care

1. Baths Every 1–3 Months (or As Needed)

Bath frequency depends on fur type, lifestyle, and presence of skin conditions, fleas, or ticks.

• Short-haired breeds (e.g. beagle, dalmatian, pug): every 1–3 months
• Medium and long-haired breeds (e.g. Shiba Inu, Border Collie): once a month

Avoid overbathing (more than once a month) as it can dry out the skin and coat. Extra baths may be needed if:

• The dog is soiled or exposed to harmful substances 
• The dog has seasonal allergies
• The dog has a skin condition like ringworm, mange, fleas, or ticks

2. Fur Brushing: Daily or Weekly (Based on Coat Type)

Regular brushing spreads natural oils, removes debris, and helps manage shedding.

• Short-haired dogs (e.g. pug, Boston Terrier): brush at least once a week
• Medium or long-haired dogs and those with dense undercoats: brush daily
  

3. Toothbrushing: Daily or 3x a Week + Annual Cleaning

Brush your dog’s teeth daily or at least 3 times a week using dog-specific toothpaste (never human toothpaste). Refer to the Veterinary Oral Health Council’s list for approved products.

Also, schedule a yearly dental cleaning by a veterinarian to remove plaque and tartar, preventing decay, tooth loss, and related health issues.

4. Regular Vet Checkups: Once or Twice a Year

Routine wellness exams help detect and treat issues early.

• Keep vaccines up to date (rabies, DHPP/DAPP)
• Consider non-core vaccines (e.g. leptospirosis, influenza, Bordetella, Lyme)
• Prevent heartworm with regular meds (treatment is difficult and risky)
• Get annual dental cleanings to support overall health

Feeding & Hydration

5. Meals: Twice a Day

Feed your dog twice a day, about 12 hours apart. This helps manage weight and prevents picky eating.

Make sure to:

• Use food that meets AAFCO standards
• Practice portion control
• Schedule a vet consultation for personalized diet plans

6. Water: Available at All Times

Dogs need constant access to fresh, clean water. Clean the water bowl daily to prevent bacteria buildup.

Exercise, Play, & Training

7. Walks & Playtime: Daily (At Least 30 Minutes)

Dogs need at least 30 minutes to 2 hours of exercise daily, depending on age, breed, and energy level.

• Young or high-energy dogs: may need longer sessions
• Older or low-energy dogs: may prefer shorter walks
• Indoor play (puzzle toys, games) also provides mental stimulation

8. Vigorous Exercise: As Needed

High-energy dogs may enjoy activities like:

• Jogging
• Leashed hiking
• Swimming
• Running alongside a bike

Consult your vet before starting these activities to ensure they’re safe for your pup.

9. Training: Daily Incorporation

Training keeps dogs mentally sharp and active. It’s also great for bonding.

• Start formal training from 8 weeks old
• Use daily routines to reinforce commands (e.g. “sit” before meals or “wait” before crossing streets)

Sleep for Dogs

Dogs typically need 8–13.5 hours of sleep daily. Older dogs may sleep even more.

Note: A sudden increase in sleep or lethargy may indicate a health issue. Consult your vet if this happens.

Having the Best Pet Supplies for Your Dog

High-quality pet supplies contribute to your dog’s health and happiness. Ensure you have:

• Nutritious dog food
• A comfortable bed
• Interactive toys
• Grooming tools

Update supplies regularly to match your dog’s age, size, and activity level.

Final Thoughts on Great Dog Care

Establishing a consistent routine is key. Don’t forget to schedule regular vet check-ups (at least once a year) to detect and prevent health issues early.